In the four countries, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Ethiopia (ET), Rwanda (RW) and South Africa (SA), seven co-designed innovations at the rural-urban nexus to valorise organic waste resources in total were successfully tested. These innovations can be potentially implemented elsewhere. The innovations include: composting (DRC and ET), processing raw banana (ET), rearing black soldier fly larvae (RW), high quality cassava peel flour (RW), co-composting (SA), and effluent and urine valorisation (SA).
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